Punjab PCS 2020- Most Important Topics
Tonga Volcano Eruption
Tonga Volcano Eruption-An undersea volcano called Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai erupted recently in the Kingdom of Tonga. About Tonga Volcanic Eruption: …
North-East Monsoon
Various parts of Tamil Nadu witnessed heavy rains on Wednesday evening. With the formation of a depression over the Bay …
Seaweed Farming
Seaweed Farming Seaweed farming or Kelp farming is the practice of cultivating and harvesting seaweed. Seaweeds are macroscopic algae growing …
PUSA ‘Bio-decomposer’ Solution
PUSA Bio-decomposer Solution is a solution developed by the scientists at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa. It was sprayed on …
Global (Tuberculosis) Tb Report
The Global TB report has been released by the World Health Organization (WHO). Key findings of Global Tb Report: The …
Global Hunger Index
The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a tool designed to comprehensively measure and track hunger at global, regional, and national …
Panjshir Valley
Panjshir Valley The Panjshir Valley , literally Valley of the Five Lion) is a valley in north-central Afghanistan, 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Kabul, …
Tajikistan Concern amidst Taliban Rise
Over the last few days, Taliban forces have swept across Afghanistan, finally capturing the capital city of Kabul on Sunday.As …
Biodiversity Conservation
The word, “Biodiversity”, is combination of two words, “Bio” means life and “diversity” means variety. Therefore, Biodiversity is variety of …
e-Rupi
Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on August 2ndlaunched digital payment solution e-RUPI, a cashless and contactless instrument for digital payment …
Gangetic River Dolphin
The Gangetic river dolphin once inhabited the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems of Nepal, India, and Bangladesh. But the species …
Disasters In India
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister of India, is the apex body for Disaster Management …
Baltic Sea and Nord Stream Pipeline
An agreement reached by U.S. President Joe Biden and German Chancellor Angela Merkel will allow for the completion of the …
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
UNESCO inscribed Dholavira, an ancient Harappa city situated in present-day Gujarat, on the World Heritage List, making it the second …
African Continental Free Trade Area
An office of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) was opened in New Delhi at the Ghanaian Embassy, where …
El Nino
El Niño is a climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. …
Desert National Park(That Desert)
The Desert National Park is an excellent example of the ecosystem of the Thar Desert.The Desert National Park falls under …
Black Softshell Turtle
Two NGOs, zoo and Kamrup district administration sign pact with a major temple at Hajo near Guwahati for the project.A …
Kaladan Multimodal Project
The Kaladan project connects Sittwe Port in Myanmar to the India-Myanmar border. The project was jointly initiated by India and Myanmar to …
Yaks to be Insured
The high-altitude yak, feeling the climate change heat across the Himalayan belt, will now be insured.The National Research Centre on …
National Green Tribunal
Observing that all five zonal Benches of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) are equally powerful and that their orders would …
Last Ice Area
WWF-Canada coined the Last Ice Area, a polar region above Nunavut and Greenland where scientists project sea ice will persist …
‘Heat Dome’ Effect
Canada and parts of United States are experiencing extreme temperatures, due to which hundreds of people have died. The weather …
Pygmy Hog
Eight of 12 captive-bred pygmy hogs, the world’s rarest and smallest wild pigs, were on June 22 released in the …
Summer Solstice
Equinox and Solstice occur because Earth’s axis of rotation is tilted about 23.4 degrees relative to Earth’s orbit around the …
Turkey’s Challenging ‘Sea Snot’
The sea of Maramara, which lies within Turkey and separates Istanbul between Europe and Asia, is festered with a new …
Operation Pangea XIV
A record number of fake online pharmacies have been shut down under Operation Pangea XIV targeting the sale of counterfeit …
Black Carbon
In a report titled “Glaciers of the Himalayas, Climate Change, Black Carbon and Regional Resilience”, the World Bank said that …
Niti Aayog’s SDG India Index
India saw significant improvement in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to clean energy, urban development and health in 2020, …
Giant Leatherback Turtle
A proposed township and area development project proposal on the Great Nicobar Island(Galanthea Bay) and Little Nicobar( South Bay and …
Vitamin D
Why in News?: High Vitamin D levels reduce the risk of coronavirus infection, and administration of the vitamin in the …
BioHub
The World Health Organization (WHO) and Switzerland May 25, 2021 signed a Memorandum of Undersatnding (MoU) to launch a BioHub …
‘Bao-Dhan’-Red Rice
In a major boost to India’s rice exports potential, the first consignment of ‘red rice’ was flagged off today to …
What is Mucormycosis or Black Fungus’?
Mucormycosis (previously known as Zygomycosis) is a serious but rare fungal infection caused by a group of molds known as micromycetes. …
Net Zero Producers’ Forum
Qatar, the US, Saudi Arabia, Canada, and Norway are joining forces to create net zero emission strategies. Qatar, the US, …
RCEP and Indian Apprehensions
Singapore’s Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan recently said that he hoped India would “reassess” its stand on regional trading agreements such …
Suez Canal
The Ever Given container ship was stuck and blocking the Suez Canal.The Ship Weighing 200,000-Ton Blocks Suez Canal Causing Disruptions and …
Disaster and Disaster Management
A disaster can be defined as a natural or man-made calamity, mishaps or a catastrophe which is beyond the bearing …
Mughal Era Paintings
Origin of Mughal School of Paintings is a landmark in history of Indian paintings. The school originated in the reign …
Environment and Ecology:Important Definition
Environment and Ecology:Important Definition BIOSPHERE It is the part of earth which supports life or the domain of living organisms, …
Tsunami
Tsunamis (translated from Japanese for “a big wave in a harbor”) are a series of waves caused by violent wave movements on …
Gupta Architecture
The Gupta Dynasty, founded by Chandragupta I (accession c. 320 CE), ruled in North Central India between the 4th and …
One Nation One Ration Card(ONORC)
Under Department of Food & Public Distribution, Government of India this scheme, ONORC, aims to provide an option to all …
Rare Diseases in India
The Delhi High Court has set up a special committee to find a time-bound solution on ways to provide treatment …
Simlipal Biosphere Reserve
Issue: For more than ten days, fires have been raging in the Simlipal forests. A total of 399 fire points …
Mauryan Art and Architecture
Mauryan rule marks an important phase in our cultural history. Mainly in the period of Ashoka, the art and architecture …
The Himalayan Serow spotting
The Himalayan serow (Capricornis thar) is a medium-sized goat like antelope, native to the montane forests of the Himalayas. …
Indradhanush 3.0
Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) 3.0 was launched with a focus on children and pregnant women who missed their vaccine doses …
Dhubri-Phulbari Bridge
Dhubri-Phulbari Bridge is a proposed bridge over the Brahmaputra river between Assam and Meghalaya in North-East India. This is a …
SARS-CoV and COVID 19
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a highly diverse family of enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses.The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new viral …
BHUVAN
Bhuvan, is the national Geo-portal developed and hosted by ISRO comprising of Geo Spatial Data, Services and Tools for Analysis. …
Green GDP
What is meant by Green GDP? Green GDP is a term used for expressing GDP after adjusting for environment degradations. …
Corporate Social Responsibility
Corporate Social Responsibility makes the companies more sustainable and profitable.Discuss.In this context, discuss what is Corporate Social Responsibility? CSR …
Shatoot Dam
The signing of a pact between India and Afghanistan for building the $300-million Shatoot Dam on the Maidan river tributary …
Glacial lake outburst flood
A glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is being termed as the probable cause for what happened in Chamoli. What Happened? A huge …
Stardust 1.0
Stardust 1.0’s rocket engine, dubbed the Modular Adaptable Rocket Engine for Vehicle Launch (MAREVL), uses a proprietary solid fuel which, …
New Start Treaty Extended
The US has extended the New Start nuclear arms control treaty with Russia for five years.New Start is the last …
15th Finance Commission
Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman accepted the 15th Finance Commission ’s recommendations while presenting the Union budget 2021-22. 15th Finance Commission: Finance …
Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technology
A new bill listed for introduction in Parliament seeks to bar all private cryptocurrencies in India- Regulation of Official Digital …
Sudden Stratospheric Warming
In January, 2021 a climatic phenomenon,Sudden Stratospheric Warming, occurred several kilometres above the Arctic region, in the stratospheric layer of the …
Question Hour
Question Hour The first hour of every parliamentary sitting is slotted for this. During this time, the members ask questions …
Why are Forest Fires Common in Himalayas?
Although two-thirds of the total geographical area of Himachal Pradesh is legally classified as forest area, much of this area …
K-shaped Recovery amid Covid-19
What is a K-Shaped Recovery? Typical economic recoveries can include V, W, Z, U and L.However, economists are starting to …
What is Polar Vortex?
It was during the extremely cold winter of 2014 that the term Polar Vortex became popular. The term polar vortex is …
Avian(Bird) Influenza( Flu) Virus
Amid the pandemic, there are reports of another scare in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala and Himachal Pradesh .Samples OF dead …
Champaran Satyagarha,1917
Background: Champaran is a district in North Western Bihar. It formed part of the Tirhut division in the province of Bihar …
Third Battle of Panipat(1761)
The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761, at Panipat, about 60 miles (97 km) north of Delhi. The battle was fought …
Tso Kar Wetland Complex as Ramsar Site
Ladakh’s Tso Kar Wetland Complex has been recognised as a wetland of international importance, becoming India’s 42nd Ramsar site. This is the …
GalSafe Pigs
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved an Intentional genomic alteration (IGA) in a line of domestic pigs, referred to …
New Genus of Malaria reported in Kerala
A new genus of malaria, identified as ‘plasmodium ovale’ has been identified in Kerala, in a soldier with travel history …
Science and Technology(Free Course)
Enroll Now Students may enroll even after the course starts The Course will cover the entire GS Science &technology syllabus …
CSAT(Punjab PCS) Free Revision Course
Enroll Here CSAT(Punjab PCS Prelims) This course is FREE of cost for aspiring students. Starts-15th December The course covers importants …
Punjab PCS Notification 2020
The Punjab State Civil Services Combined Competitive Examination-2020 (PSCSCCE- 2020) is being conducted by the PPSC and the Notification is …
What is ‘Havana Syndrome”?
What is Havana Syndrome? ‘Havana Syndrome’ was the name given to a mysterious neurological illness which started to afflict American diplomats and …
Invest India Receives UN award
The UNCTAD has declared ‘Invest India’ as winner of the 2020 United Nations Investment Promotion Award, according to a release …
Minimum Support Price
Minimum Support Price (MSP) Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to …
Farm Laws-Pros and Cons
The Farmers Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2020; The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement of Price Assurance …
Dairy Production in Indus Valley Civilisation
This is the first time it’s been proved scientifically that dairy production was in place in the Indus Valley civilization …
Miyawaki Method of Urban Afforestation
What is Miyawaki method? The Miyawaki method, developed by a Japanese botanist after whom it is named, involves planting saplings …
Harappan Sculpture
Sculpture of Harappan Civilisation Sculpture of HarappanCivilisation is considered to be a golden chapter as the beginning of Indian art …
Migration of Mangroves:
In 2008, Punarbasu Chaudhuri, mangrove ecologist from the University of Calcutta spotted an interesting mangrove plant at the bank of …
‘Feluda’ Test for Covid
It uses CRISPR-Cas technology for the detection of genes specific to SARS-CoV-2 virus.This has been developed by the CSIR-IGIB and …
Gene Editing and CRISPR/Cas9
French scientist Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer A. Doudna have won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a method …
Hepatitis C
Americans Harvey J Alter and Charles M Rice, and British scientist Michael Houghton were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine …
Ocean Currents
Ocean currents are the continuous, predictable, directional movement of seawater driven by gravity, wind (Coriolis Effect), and water density. Ocean …
National Clean Air Program(NCAP)
A time bound national level strategy for pan India implementation to tackle the increasing air pollution problem across the country …
Warli Paintings
Noida-based National Fertilizers Limited (NFL), a central Public Sector Undertaking, and country’s leading fertilizers manufacturer, is promoting warli painting.The paintings, …
India’s ASTROSAT discovers oldest galaxy
A global team led by scientists of the Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA) has discovered one of …
Vitamin C,D and E
Vitamin C The best-defined function of vitamin C is its role in the synthesis of collagen, the principal connective tissue …
Immunity and it’s types
Immunity is derived from Latin word “immunis” which means free from burden. In this case burden refers to disease caused …
Indus Water Treaty
After a gap of more than two and half years Indian and Pakistani delegations have begun the 116th Meeting of …
National Education Policy 2020
The new Education policy aims to pave way for transformational reforms in school and higher education systems in the country. …
Renaissance in detail
Renaissance literally means rebirth. It is the revival of anything which has long been in decay or passing into a …
Compulsory License
Compulsory license is generally defined as “authorization permitting a third party to make, use, or sell a patented invention without …
Raman Spectroscopy
Mumbai-based Tata Memorial Centre has turned to Raman Spectroscopy to detect RNA viruses present in saliva samples This conceptual framework …
Vaccine and it’s types
Vaccine and its types A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A product that …
What is Temperature Inversion?
What is Temperature Inversion? An atmospheric condition in which the typical lapse rate(The rate at which the temperature decreases for …
Gaganyaan
Gaganyaan is India’s first Indian human mission that will be launched by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) by 2022. The …
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojna(PMGKY)
The Union Finance & Corporate Affairs Minister Smt. Niramla Sitharaman today announced Rs 1.70 Lakh Crore relief package under Pradhan …
Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2020
Global Education Monitoring(GEM) Report 2020 is titled and focusses on Inclusion and Education. Even before Covid-19, one in five children, …